2025-2026学年初中八年级英语上册单元过关检测
Unit2《Home Sweet Home》语法过关(情态动词could)
情态动词could构成的句型用于向对方委婉地提出请求或征求对方的许可,它本身不能做谓语,必须和不带to的动词原形一起构成谓语。
一、基本用法
1. could用于第一人称,表示希望得到对方的许可。
句型Could I...?意为“我可以做.…...吗?”,用于请求对方允许自已做某事,此时could 不是can的过去式。
肯定回答:Yes, you can./Yes, please./Yes, sure./Certainly.
否定回答:No, you can’t./Sorry, you can’t./No, I’m afraid you can’t.。
例句: —Could I smoke here, please?请问我能在这里抽烟吗?
一Yes, you can.是的,你能。
—Could I go to the movies with my friend tomorrow, Mum?
妈妈,我明天可以和朋友去看电影吗?
—No, you can’t. You should take your piano lesson. 不,不行。你要上钢琴课。
2.could用于第二人称,表示委婉地提出请求。
句型Could you(please)do...?意为“(请)你做..….好吗?”,用于提出要求或请求,其否定形式为Could you please not...?
肯定回答:Yes, sure/of course.(是的,当然可以)。
No problem.没问题。
With pleasure.乐意帮忙。
Sure/Of course/Certainly, I can.当然可以。
否定回答:Certainly not, 当然不。
Sorry, I can’t. I have to...对不起,我不能。我得...…
Sorry, I’m going to...对不起,我将要...…
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to...我恐怕不能。我得..….
I’m afraid not.恐怕不行。
例句: —Could you come here soon? 你尽快过来,行吗?
—Sure. 当然可以。
—Could you please close the window? 请你关上窗户好吗?
—I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
【注意】其否定结构为:Could you(please)not do...?
二、特殊用法
1.表示请求允许,即请求别人允许自己做某事,could和can都可以用,但could语气更委婉。
例句:Could/Can I go?我可以去吗?
2.表示给予允许,即自己允许别人做某事,一般只用can,而不能用could.
例句:—Could I use your dictionary?我可以用你的词典吗?
—Yes, of course you can.当然可以。
三、could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词,could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求,
但是用法稍有不同:
☞can表示一般性的请求,语气随便,常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。
例句:Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗,托尼?
☞could表示有礼貌地请求,语气委婉,常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
例句:—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia?
请告诉我们,澳大利亚冬天下雪吗?
—Sure. 当然可以。
【知识拓展】
| Would you mind doing sth? 也可表示请求,常用句型:
Would you please + do sth? Would you + do sth? 肯定回答:Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to. 否定回答:Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but... ☞ —Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗? —No. I’d like to. 不,我很乐意。 |
〖语法过关〗
一、单项选择。
1.—Could you please help me carry the chair to my office?
—________. It’s a piece of cake.
A.No problem B.I’m afraid not C.You’re welcome D.No, I can’t
2.—Could you play the piano at the age of five?
—No, I ________. I started at six.
A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t
3.Could you please speak a little louder? I ________ hear you very well.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
4.—Could I use your bike?
—________. It’s broken.
A.Sure B.Yes, please C.I am afraid not D.No, thanks
5.—_________ you please take the dog for work?
—OK, but I have to fold the clothes first.
A.Must B.Should C.Could D.May
6.—Helen, could you please water the flowers in my garden?
—_______.They are so lovely.
A.That’s too bad B.With pleasure C.You’re welcome D.I’m afraid not
7.When Alan was five, he ________ swim very well.
A.must B.should C.might D.could
8.________ you turn down the TV, please? I’m trying to work.
A.Could B.Must C.Might D.Should
9.The door was closed, so no one ______ hear the noise.
A.should B.could C.must D.may
10.—________ you please sweep the floor now?—Sorry, I ________. I have to do my homework.
A.Should; can’t B.Could; can C.Could; can’t D.Should; can
二、选词填空
根据句意,用can、could、cannot、can’t或couldn’t填空
1.It will be hot tomorrow, so we ________ wear shorts.
2.Last year I________ swim, but I________ swim now.
3.My little son________ walk because he is only six months old.
4.The little boy________ swim very well at the age of eleven. He was a good swimmer.
5.—Can you write a letter in English?
—No, I________ .
三、完成句子
1.—Could you please open the window? (作肯定回答)
—________ ,________ .
2.—Could I go to see the movies? (作否定回答)
—________ ,________________ .
3.Pass me the new shirt. (用could改写句子)
________________________________ pass the new shirt to me?
4.I want to use your bike. (改为委婉语气)
________________________________ your bike?
5.Would you like to go shopping with me? (同义句转换)
________________________ go shopping with me?
6.“我们可以在这里拍照吗?” “对不起,不能。”
—Could we take photos here?
—Sorry,________________ .
7.你星期五帮忙照看一下我的孩子好吗?
________ you________________ after my child on Friday?
8.我可以借那本书吗?
________ I________ that book?
9.——请问我能用一下你的自行车吗?
——不,你不能。我得骑车外出。
—________ I________ your bike?
—No, you________ . I have to go out.
10.——当你4岁时,你会唱英语歌吗?
——不,我不会。
—________________________ English songs when you were four years old?
—________, I________ .
…………
参考答案
一、单项选择。
答案:1.A 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.C
二、选词填空
答案:1.can 2. couldn’t can 3.cannot/can’t 4.could 5.can’t
…………

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