2026年春八年级英语下册寒假预习衔接讲义
Unit3 What makes a great team？语法、写作篇
情态动词本身有词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,不能独立作谓语,一般和实义动词原形一起构成谓语,并放在实义动词原形前。
| 情态动词及其用法 | 例句 |
| should意为“应当”,表示建议或劝告,有“劝说”或“敦促”的含义,否定式为should not/shouldn’t。 | You should talk to your parents about your feelings． 你应该和你父母谈谈你的感受。 |
| had better意为“最好”,表示劝告或建议,一般不用于疑问句中,否定式为had better not。 | You had better not tell Oliver． 你最好不要告诉Oliver。 |
| (1)can表示请求许可或给予许可,could也有此用法,语气比can更委婉;否定式cannot/can’t表示“不能,不可以”,语气弱于must not。
(2)can/could均可表示能力,could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力。 一般情况下,以can开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用can,否定回答用can’t。 |
—Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗?
—Yes, you can． 是的,你可以。 —No, you can’t． 不,你不可以。 Can you type?你会打字吗? When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest． 年轻时,森林里的树我都能爬上去。 |
| must表示“必须”,否定式must not/mustn’t表示“不应该,禁止”,是强有力的劝告或命令。
由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to,表示“不必,没有必要”。 |
All passengers must wear seat belts． 所有乘客都必须系安全带。
Cars must not park in front of the entrance． 车辆不得停在入口处。 —Must I clean the room this afternoon?我必须今天下午打扫房间吗? —Yes, you must． 是的,你必须。 —No, you needn’t/don’t have to． 不,你不必。 |
| have to表示“不得不,必须”,否定式do not/don’t have to表示“不必,没有必要”(=needn’t)。 | You don’t have to worry about them any more． 你再也不必为他们发愁了。 |
| need表示“必须,需要”,一般用于否定句和疑问句中,否定式need not/needn’t表示“不需要,不必”。一般情况下,以need开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t。 | —Need I put the umbrella outside? 我需要把雨伞放在外面吗?
—Yes, you must． 是的,你必须(放在外面)。 —No, you needn’t． 不,你不必(放在外面)。 |
| shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中时,表示征求对方的意见或提出建议。 | Shall I answer the telephone for you? 要我替你接电话吗?
Let’s begin now, shall we? 咱们现在开始,好吗? |
辨析must与have to
| 区别 | 例句 |
| must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务去做某事;have to侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不,被迫”之意。 | You must be back before 10 o’clock．你必须在10点之前返回。(叮嘱或命令) |
| You have to be back before 10 o’clock because the train is to leave at 10:05．你必须在10点之前返回,因为火车10:05开。(客观需要) | |
| must没有人称、时态和数的变化,而have to有。 | The old man has to live alone because his son works in another city． 那位老人不得不独自生活,因为他的儿子在另一个城市工作。 |
注意need还可作行为动词,表示“需要”,有时态、人称和数的变化,常用于need to do sth结构中,用于否定句和疑问句中时需要借助助动词。
You don’t need to stay here all the time． 你不必一直待在这里。
随堂训练
一．单项选择
1．—Will you please stay here for the party?
—Sorry, I ________． I’ll have to go to an important meeting．
A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t
2．—What ________ I do when my parents don’t agree with me?
—You ________ talk with them and let them know your thoughts．
A．needn’t; should B．could; shouldn’t C．can; can’t D．should; can
3． Just like the weather, life ________ be sunny and beautiful all the time．
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．wouldn’t
4．—Excuse me, sir． Can I go home now?
一No, you ________． Please clean the classroom first．
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
5．—________ you go shopping with me this afternoon?
—Sure, I’d love to．
A．Can B．Should C．Must D．Need
6．—Dad, must I finish my homework today?
—No, you ________． You should go to bed now and finish it tomorrow．
A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
7． People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes．
A．can B．may C．must D．might
8．—________ we take part in the singing activity?
—No, you ________． You can decide by yourselves．
A．Must, must B．Should, can C．Must, needn’t D．Must, can’t
9． You _________ return the book to the library by Friday, or you _________ pay a fine．
A．must; have to B．can; must C．may; will D．should; might
10．—Can we play games here?
—Better not． If you ________, please go to the open space there．
A．must B．can C．may D．should
11．—________ we go to the concert this weekend?
—Good idea! I really want to enjoy the music．
A．Shall B．Must C．Need D．Should
12．—Mum, it’s a fine day today． ________ we go on a picnic?
—Good idea．
A．Shall B．Must C．Should D．Need
13．—When will your flight arrive? I’ll pick you up at the airport．
—Thank you, but you ________． I can take a taxi．
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．don’t have to
14．—Must we arrive at the airport two hours earlier?
—No, ________．
A．you mustn’t B．you don’t have to C．you must D．you have to
15．—Mom, ________ you go shopping with me this Sunday?
—I’m afraid not． I ________ look after your grandma． You can go with your sister．
A．can; have to B．can; can C．must; have to D．must; can
16． The alarm went off． You’d better ________ up and go to school．
A．got B．get C．to get D．getting
17．—We are free this evening． Shall we go out for a walk?
—It’s foggy． We’d better ________． Why ________ a film at home?
A．not walk; not watch B．not to walk; not to watch
C．not to walk; not watch D．not walk; not to watch
18． You’d better ________ out at night alone． It is dangerous．
A．go B．to go C．not go D．not to go
19．—Tom, you look tired． You had better ________ up late at night．
—Yes, I ________ go to bed earlier． I’ll make sure to get enough sleep tonight．
A．not to stay; must B．not staying; can
C．not stay; should D．to not stay; need
20． You ________ her if she ________ you to do so．
A．had better not to call; doesn’t allow B．had better not call; won’t allow
C．had better not to call; can’t allow D．had better not call; doesn’t allow
21．—Must I stay here and look after the little dog?
—No, you ________．
A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
22．—Must I return the books the day after tomorrow?
—No, you ________． You can ________ them for 15 days．
A．mustn’t; keep B．needn’t; borrow C．needn’t; keep D．mustn’t; borrow
二．语法填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺连贯。
Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province． It lies in 1 north of China． The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital． He 2 (give) it the name Chang’an． During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance． Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 (build) their ancient capitals．
Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today． The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China, is a good example． It 4 (go) around the city and is an important cultural site． In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 (large) bell tower remaining in China． The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time．
While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world． It is best 8 (know) as a center for software research, development and services． Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 (city)．
Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 (it) and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past．
写作精讲
本单元的话题是“团队合作”,要求学生用所学的单词、短语和句型写一篇以团队合作为话题的书面表达。该话题下常见的写作体裁有记叙文、议论文等,通常涉及的具体内容有:描述你对团队合作的看法;描述一次团队合作的经历(此时的时态多用一般过去时或过去进行时)。
写作实例
一个团队的力量远远大于一个人的力量。合作是团队的根基,是团队成功的关键。某英文网站正在开展以“团队合作”为主题的征文活动,假如你是李华,请用英文写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你和别人合作做过什么事情,以及你的感受。
提示问题:•What do you think of teamwork?•What did you do with others? •How did you feel?
要求:1．词数不少于80;2．必须包含上述要点,可适当发挥。
审题指导
1．体裁:记叙文。 2．时态:以一般过去时为主。 3．人称:以第一人称为主。
4．必备词句:
（1）the key to success成功的关键;
（2）team members队员;
（3）in the end最后,终于;
（4）with the help of．．． 在……的帮助下;
（5）pay more attention to．．． 更关注……;
（6）the next day第二天;
（7）get the chance to do sth．得到做某事的机会
（8）prepare for．．．为……做准备
（9）dream of梦想
（10）give up放弃
（11）a feeling of satisfaction一种满足感
（12）take part in参加
（13）try one’s best尽某人最大的努力
（14）Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end． 尽管所有的队员都踢得很好,但我们最终输掉了第一场比赛。
（15）Also, when I had problems, my teammate was always there to support and help me．而且,当我遇到难题的时候,我的队友总是支持我和帮助我。
（16）The important thing was to pull together and get better together． 重要的是要齐心协力一起变得更好。
谋篇布局
优秀范文
I think teamwork is very important in our life． A team is stronger than a person． Working with others perfectly is the key to success．
Last year I was a member of our school football team． One day, we had a football match against another school． Although all team members played well, we lost the first match in the end． We all felt disappointed, but we didn’t know why we lost the match． Our coach said that we didn’t know how to work together． With the help of our coach, we paid more attention to teamwork． The next day, we won the second match．
Through this experience I learned something important． I’ve realized that teamwork helps me do things more effectively．
随堂训练
（1）
一个人可以走得很快,但一群人可以走得更远。下图用蚂蚁的故事展示了团队合作的重要性。
写作提示:1．讲述图中所展示的故事,合理补充第四幅图的内容;
2．谈谈你从故事中得到的启示。
要求:1．必须包含图中的所有内容;2．词数不少于80。
________________________________________________________________________________________
…………
参考答案
一．单项选择
1． A
【详解】句意：——请你留下来参加聚会好吗？——对不起，我不能。我得去参加一个重要的会议。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；won’t不会。根据“I’ll have to go to an important meeting．”可知，因为要参加一个重要会议，所以不能留下来参加聚会，此处表示“不能”，用can’t。故选A。
2． D
…………
不错
很有用
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