2025-2026学年八年级上学期英语期中复习讲义
专题02 常考点和易错点归纳
常考点
考点1 borrow 的用法与 borrow / lend / keep 区别
知
1． borrow：借入（向别人借）
结构：borrow sth． from sb．（从某人那借来某物）
2． lend：借出（把东西借给别人）
结构：lend sb． sth．= lend sth． to sb．
3． keep：保留、借用一段时间
结构：keep sth． for some time（保留/借用一段时间）
一句话口诀：借入 borrow，借出 lend，借多久用 keep
1．Can I___________ your book from you?我能借你的书吗？
2．She___________ me her umbrella． = She lent her umbrella to me．她把她的雨伞借给我。
3．Can I___________ the book for a week?我可以借书一周吗？
考点2 suggest 用法 + 建议类词辨析
知识归纳
suggest doing sth． 建议做某事 ✅ suggest to do sth．❌（错误结构）
suggest sth． to sb． 向某人建议某事
辨析：
| 词 | 可数 | 常用结构 |
| suggestion | ✅ | some suggestions |
| advice | ❌ | a piece of advice, much advice |
1．He suggested___________ there by bike．他建议骑自行车去那里。
2．I___________ the plan to her．我把这个计划告诉了她。
3．Give me some___________ ．给我些建议吧。
4．Let me give you a piece of___________ ．让我给你一个建议。
考点3 advise 用法
知识归纳
advise sb． to do sth． 建议某人做某事
advise doing sth． 建议做某事
advise sb． against doing sth． 劝某人别做某事
1．I advise you___________ more．我建议你多休息。
2．He advised___________ up early．他建议你早起。
3．She___________ me against going out．她劝我不要出去。
考点4 形容词的常见否定前缀规则：
| 规则 | 前缀 | 例词 | 反义词 |
| ① 一般规则 | un- | necessary | unnecessary（不必要的） |
| un- | friendly | unfriendly（不友好的） | |
| ② c / e 开头 | in- | correct | incorrect（不正确的） |
| in- | expensive | inexpensive（不昂贵的） | |
| ③ p 开头 | im- | proper | improper（不合适的） |
| im- | polite | impolite（不礼貌的） | |
| ④ r 开头 | ir- | regular | irregular（不规则的） |
| ir- | responsible | irresponsible（不负责任的） | |
| ⑤ 特殊规则 | dis- | honest | dishonest（不诚实的） |
| dis- | satisfied | dissatisfied（不满意的） |
注意：
否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。
某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。
考点5建议类句型总结：
| 建议句型 | 示例 | |
| Let’s do sth． | Let’s try something new． | |
| Shall we．．．? | Shall we paint the wall together? | |
| How / What about doing．．．? | How about making a model car? | |
| Why not do．．．? | Why not create your own T-shirt? | |
| Would you like to．．．? | Would you like to join our DIY club? | |
| Would / Will you please．．．? | Will you please pass me the scissors? | |
1．Why not___________ something useful out of waste paper?为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？
2．Let’s___________ to decorate the room with handmade items．咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。
考点6的 reduced的用法
知识归纳
reduce sth． to．．．：减少到某个程度
reduce sth． by．．．：减少了多少百分比
1．Costs will be reduced___________ as much as 90%．（成本将减少多达90%。）
2．The number of plastic bags has been reduced___________ a minimum．（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。）
3．Reusing paper can help reduce___________ at school．重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。
考点7 provide 提供知识归纳
provide sb． with sth． / provide sth． for sb．
1．The project provides students___________ chances．
2．The project provides chances___________ students．
考点8 bring的用法
知识归纳
bring vs． take
bring：带来（朝说话人方向）
e．g． Please bring me your notebook．
take：带走（离开说话人方向）
e．g． Take your umbrella with you．
1．Painting___________ me a lot of happiness．画画给我带来了很多快乐。
2．Making gifts by hand___________ joy to both me and the receiver．手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。
考点9 proud的用法
知识归纳
be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪
pride（n．）骄傲
e．g． He is the pride of his family．
be proud to do sth．：为做某事感到自豪
1．I was___________ of my handmade model．我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。
2．They were proud___________ present their group project．他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。
考点10 keep 的常见用法
| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
| keep + n． | 饲养 | keep a pet |
| keep + adj． / adv． | 保持状态 | keep healthy / keep off the wall |
| keep (on) doing sth． | 继续做某事 | keep reading |
| keep sb． from doing sth． | 阻止某人做某事 = stop sb． from doing sth． = prevent sb． (from) doing sth． |
The noise kept me from sleeping． |
Keep___________ questions and challenging yourself — that’s how progress is made．持续提问并挑战自己——进步正是在这样的过程中实现的。
考点11 willing的用法
知识归纳
willing (adj．) 乐意的，愿意的
be willing to do sth． 乐意做某事
例句：- She is willing to help me． – We are willing to work hard．
1．If you’re___________ to step outside your comfort zone, you’ll discover your true potential．如果你愿意走出舒适区，你就会发现自己的真正潜力。
2．We are willing___________ time and energy because we understand that excellence requires persistence．我们愿意投入时间和精力，因为我们明白卓越需要坚持不懈。
考点12 词组辨析：work hard / hard work / hard-working
| 结构 | 含义 | 举例 |
| work hard (动词 + 副词) | ___________ | He always works hard． |
| hard work (形容词 + 名词) | ___________ | Success takes hard work． |
| hard-working (形容词) | ___________ | She is a hard-working student． |
考点13 bored vs． Boring
| 词形 | 含义 | 用法 | 例句 |
| bored | ___________ | 修饰人 | I feel bored at home． |
| boring | ___________ | 修饰事/物 | This movie is boring． |
【拓展：类似结构】
| 主观感受形容词 | 客观特性形容词 |
| interested | interesting |
| excited | exciting |
| surprised | surprising |
| amazed | amazing |
考点14 the number of vs． a number of
| 表达 | 含义 | 动词形式 |
| the number of | ……的数量（看作整体） | 单数 |
| a number of | 许多，大量（= many） | 复数 |
1．The number of students___________ rising．学生人数在增加
2．A number of books___________ on the table．桌上摆着许多书
考点9 offer 提供
知识归纳
offer sb． sth． = offer sth． to sb．
give sb． sth． = give sth． to sb．
provide sb． with sth． = provide sth． for sb．
The school offers us safety programmes．学校为我们提供安全计划。
= The school___________ us safety programmes．
= The school provides us___________ safety programmes．
考点10 pay attention to 的用法
知识归纳
pay attention to sth / doing sth 注意 / 重视
常见搭配：
pay attention to details 注重细节; 注意细节
pay attention to everything concerned面面俱到
pay attention to safety 注意安全
1．You should pay attention to___________ the experiment． 做这个实验你必须多加注意。
2．I didn’t______________________ what she was saying． 我没有注意她在说什么。
考点11 must vs． have to
| 结构 | 含义 | 特点 | 例句 |
| must | ___________ | 带有说话人意愿 | My mother is ill, so I must go now． |
| mustn’t | ___________ | 强烈语气 | You mustn’t smoke here． |
| have to | ___________ | 由环境决定 | He has to eat at school． |
| don’t have to = needn’t | ___________ | 表示不强求 | You don’t have to work on weekends． |
考点12 education 词族整理
| 词形 | 词性 | 含义 | 例句 |
| education | n． | 教育 | Many children don’t have access to good education． |
| ___________． | v． | 教育某人做某事 | We should educate children to be honest． |
| ___________ | n． | 教育家 | He is a great educator． |
| ___________ | adj． | 受过教育的，有教养的 | She is well educated and polite． |
| ___________ | adj． | 教育的，有教育意义的 | It was an educational visit． |
考点13 while / when + doing sth．
| 用法 | 示例 |
| 表时间状语，从句主语与主句一致时可省略 | While working, he learned a lot． |
| when 可引导宾语从句或不定式结构 | I don’t know when to go． / I don’t know when he will go． |
区分总结
while/when + doing：时间状语（=在……期间）
when + to do：宾语成分（不定式结构）
when + 主语 + 谓语：宾语从句
1．While___________ part-time, she managed to balance study and life．在兼职的同时，她设法平衡了学习与生活。
考点14 by 的五种用法归类
| 用法结构 | 含义 | 示例 |
| by + doing sth． | 通过某种方式 | He studies by reading aloud． |
| by + 事物 | 在……旁边、靠近 | There’s a bench by the tree． |
| by + 时间 | 不迟于，在……之前 | Please finish it by Friday． |
| by + 交通工具 | 通过……方式出行 | He travels by bus． |
| by + 人（被动语态） | 被，由 | He was raised by his aunt． |
He taught himself programming by___________ small websites．他通过制作小型网站自学了编程。
考点12 way的常用表达
in this way___________
in many ways___________
on one’s way to___________
by the way___________
lose one’s way___________
in the way / in one’s way / in the way of sb___________
in no way___________
all the way___________
…………
不错
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